Longer lever arms will extend the time in which the axle is pulled, making it travel longer distances before the car reaches maximum speed. As a result, it will go slower but move further. [3] X Research source
Use materials that are as lightweight as possible. A larger wheel means more rotational inertia, which keeps the wheel moving once it gets going, but reduces acceleration. A smaller wheel is a trade-off between distance and speed. The overall distance traveled will decrease as you reduce the size of the driving wheel. Experiment to determine what the most functional design is.
Conversely, a mousetrap racer built for the distance should have a smaller axle and a larger driving wheel. [5] X Research source One way to adapt the size of the axle is to wrap the tape around the center of the axle, where it does not come into contact with the frame. This added weight will increase the torque of the axle. [6] X Research source Experiment to find the correct amount of torque by adding and removing layers of tape.
Study mousetrap racers that have won competitions in the past. Learn from designs that you know work. [8] X Research source
Drill holes in nonessential components to reduce weight. Consider drilling holes in the frame and the wheels as well. [9] X Research source The material used for the frame of the car should be as lightweight and as rigid as possible. Consider bamboo, balsa wood, or foam. Use glue whenever you need to attach something. Tape can be used too, but glue is smoother and weighs less. Don’t use metal bolts, however; they add weight.
If you are using a wood frame, sand it and paint it. This will make it more aerodynamic. [11] X Research source Similarly, reduce the surface area of the car to reduce air resistance. For example, find a thinner frame and wheels.
You can search online for a chart of coefficients of friction, to determine which materials have the least friction when paired.
